Topic 2 AP Exam Practice

Multiple-Choice Questions

Questions 1 to 3 refer to the following passage.

“When forces of liberation entered Greece, they found that the retreating Germans had destroyed virtually all the railways, roads, port facilities, communications, and merchant marine. More than a thousand villages had been burned. . . . Livestock, poultry, and draft animals had almost disappeared. Inflation had wiped out practically all savings. . . . Greece must have assistance if it is to become a self-supporting and self-respecting democracy.

The United States must supply that assistance. . . . There is no other country to which democratic Greece can turn. No other nation is willing and able to provide the necessary support for a democratic Greek government . . . . If we falter in our leadership, we may endanger the peace of the world— and we shall surely endanger the welfare of our own Nation.”

President Harry Truman, Address to Joint Session of

Congress, March 12, 1947

1. What was the context in the United States in which Truman issued the statement included in the passage?

(A) People were increasingly supportive of a policy of open imperialism.
(B) People feared the spread of Soviet communism in Europe.
(C) People argued for a return to isolationism after the loss of so many lives in World War II.
(D) People were calling for the United States to actively overthrow undemocratic governments.

2. Which individual most clearly showed through thoughts or actions that he held ideas similar to those expressed by Truman in the passage?

(A) U.S. diplomat George Kennan
(B) U.S. Secretary of State George Marshall
(C) UN Secretary General Trygve Lie
(D) U.S. General Douglas MacArthur

3. What was the most important similarity between the comments of Truman and the Marshall Plan?

(A) Both emphasized military aid to prevent the spread of communism.
(B) Both created coalitions to finance rebuilding European infrastructure.
(C) Both provided economic aid to rebuild nations after World War II.
(D) Both required the implementation of democratic elections in order for a nation to obtain aid.

Short-Answer Questions

1. Use the passage below to answer all parts of the question that follow.

“Imperialism is weakening. Colonial empires and other forms of foreign oppression of peoples in Asia, Africa and Latin America are gradually disappearing from the stage of history. Great successes have been achieved in the struggle of many peoples for national independence and equality . . . .

The Governments of countries participating in the Conference resolutely reject the view that war, including the ‘cold war,’ is inevitable as this view reflects a sense both of helplessness and hopelessness and is contrary to the progress of the world. They affirm their unwavering faith that the international community is able to organize its life without resorting to means which actually belong to a past epoch of human history.”

Belgrade Declaration, the first Non-Aligned Movement Conference, Belgrade, Yugoslavia, 1961

(A)(A) Explain ONE way in which this passage reflected the context regarding self-determination in which the Non-Aligned Movement was formed.

(B)(B) Explain ONE way in which this passage reflected the context regarding the superpowers in which the Non-Aligned Movement was formed.

(C)(C) Explain ONE way in which the Non-Aligned Movement was an example of other trends in international relations in the 20th century.

2. Answer all parts of the question that follow.

(A)(A) Explain how the arms race and the space race were similar.

(B)(B) Explain the policy of containment advocated by the United States after World War II.

(C)(C) Identify the response of the Soviet Union to the Marshall Plan.

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