Global Resistance to Established Power Structures
What difference does it make to the dead, the orphans, and the homeless, whether the mad destruction is wrought under the name of totalitarianism
or the holy name of liberty and democracy?
—Mohandas Gandhi (1869–1948)
Learning Objectives
- I: Explain various reactions to existing power structures in the period after 1900.
The conflicts of the 20th century affected newly independent states and long-
established ones. Some of the most successful challenges to existing order, such as the one led by Mohandas Gandhi, used nonviolence. Other movements, such as Shining Path in Peru, used violence against civilians to achieve political results. Some leaders, such as Francisco Franco in Spain, used the military to crush resistance. The military-industrial complex that President Eisenhower warned about took hold in other countries, as governments increased arms supplies and traded weapons with one another.
Sections
Nonviolent Resistance as a Path to Change
Challenges to Soviet Power in Eastern Europe
1968: The Year of Revolt
An Age of Terrorism
Response of Militarized States
The Military-Industrial Complex
Think As a Historian: THINK AS A HISTORIAN: POINT Of vIEW AND THE LIMITS Of SOURCES
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Reflect
REFLECT ON THE TOPIC ESSENTIAL QUESTION
1. In one to three paragraphs, explain the differing reactions to existing power structures after 1900.
AP Exam Practice
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