Topic 7 AP Exam Practice
Multiple-Choice Questions
Questions 1 to 3 refer to the passage below.
“I am a political prisoner. I am a political prisoner because I am a casualty of a perennial war that is being fought between the oppressed Irish people and an alien, oppressive, unwanted regime that refuses to withdraw from our land. . . . I believe and stand by the God-given right of the Irish nation to sovereign independence, and the right of any Irishman or woman to assert this right in armed revolution. That is why I am incarcerated, naked and tortured. . . . Foremost in my tortured mind is the thought that there can never be peace in Ireland until the foreign, oppressive British presence is removed, leaving all the Irish people as a unit to control their own affairs and determine their own destinies as a sovereign people, free in mind and body, separate and distinct physically, culturally and economically.”
Bobby Sands, who died in a prison hunger strike in Belfast
in 1981
1. How did the author of the above passage view himself?
- (A) As a terrorist
- (B) As a freedom fighter
- (C) As a victim of terrorism
- (D) As a political theorist
2. What organization was the author most likely affiliated with?
- (A) Ulster Defence Association
- (B) Basque Homeland and Freedom (ETA)
- (C) Irish Republican Army (IRA)
- (D) Royal Irish Constabulary Special Reserve
3. Was the conflict in Northern Ireland ever resolved?
- (A) A cease fire was reached, and the IRA renounced violence.
- (B) The British withdrew from Northern Ireland.
- (C) The violence continues but less intensely.
- (D) A wall was built between Northern Ireland and the Irish Republic.
Short-Answer Questions
1. Use the passage below to answer all parts of the question that follows.
1. We demand the immediate evacuation of all Soviet troops, in conformity with the provisions of the Peace Treaty.
2. We demand the election by secret ballot of all Party members . . . and of new officers for the lower, middle and upper echelons of the Hungarian Workers Party . . .
3. A new Government must be constituted under the direction of Imre Nagy: all criminal leaders of the Stalin-Rákosi era must be immediately dismissed.
4. We demand general elections by universal, secret ballot . . . to elect a new National Assembly. We demand that the right of workers to strike be recognized.
5. We demand revision and re-adjustment of Hungarian-Soviet and Hungarian-Yugoslav relations in the fields of politics, economics and cultural affairs . . .
6. We demand the complete reorganization of Hungary’s economic life under the direction of specialists . . .
7. We demand complete revision of [industry operations] and an immediate and radical adjustment of salaries [including] a minimum living wage for workers.
8. We demand that . . . agricultural products be utilized in a rational manner. We demand equality of treatment for individual farms.
9. We demand complete recognition of freedom of opinion and of expression, of freedom of the press and of radio, as well as the creation of a daily newspaper . . .
10. We demand that the statue of Stalin, symbol of Stalinist tyranny and political oppression, be removed as quickly as possible and be replaced by a monument in memory of the martyred freedom fighters of 1848–49.
Excerpts from The 16 Points, Hungarian Students National Policy Demands, October 22, 1956
2. Answer all parts of the question that follows.